Socio-economic situation in the fourth quarter and 2025

1. Gross domestic product growth rate

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the fourth quarter of 2025 was estimated to increase by 8.46% year-on-year, reaching the highest growth rate for the fourth quarter in the period 2011-2025[1], maintaining the trend of each subsequent quarter growing faster than the previous one (the growth rates in Q1-2025, Q2-2025, and Q3-2025 reached 7.05%, 8.16%, and 8.25%, respectively). Of which, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector increased by 3.70%, contributing 5.13% to the total value-added growth of the entire economy; the industry and construction sector increased by 9.73%, contributing 45.80%; and the services sector increased by 8.82%, contributing 49.07%. Regarding GDP expenditure in the fourth quarter of 2025, final consumption increased by 7.15% year-on-year; capital formation increased by 8.92%; exports of goods and services increased by 19.34%; imports of goods and services increased by 19.40%.

GDP growth in 2025 was significant, reaching an estimated increase of 8.02% year-on-year, only slightly lower than the growth rate in 2022 during the 2011-2025[2] period. Within the total value-added growth of the entire economy, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector increased by 3.78%, contributing 5.30%; the industry and construction sector increased by 8.95%, contributing 43.62%; and the services sector increased by 8.62%, contributing 51.08%.

In the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector, despite adverse impacts from storms and floods, timely implementation of response and recovery measures ensured stable agricultural, forestry, and fishing production. The value added of the agricultural activities in 2025 was estimated to increase by 3.48% year-on-year, contributing 3.59% to the total value added of the entire economy; the forestry activities increased by 5.70%, contributing only 0.38% due to its small proportion in the entire economy; and the fishing activities increased by 4.41%, contributing 1.33%.

In the industrial and construction sector, the industry achieved its highest growth rate since 2019[3]. The value added of the industrial activities in 2025 was estimated to increase by 8.80% year-on-year, contributing 35.15% to the total value added of the entire economy. Of which, the manufacturing grew by 9.97%, the highest growth rate in the period 2019-2025[4], continuing to be the driving force for growth, and contributing 31.49%. The water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities expanded by 7.82%, contributing 0.60%. The electricity supply increased by 6.39%, contributing 2.94%. The mining and quarrying spread by 0.42%, contributing 0.13%. The construction intensified by 9.62%, contributing 8.47%.

Trade and tourism activities witnessed enormous increase, the number of international visitors to Viet Nam in 2025 reached its highest level ever, contributing positively to the growth of the service sector. The value added of the service sector in 2025 was estimated to increase by 8.62%, only slightly lower than the growth rate of 2022 in the period 2011-2025[5]. The contributions of a number of market service activities with large proportions to the economy value added growth were as follows: the wholesale and retail trade increased by 8.52% year-on-year, contributing 10.62%; the transportation and storage increased by 10.99%, contributing 8.69%; the financial, banking and insurance activities increased by 7.82%, contributing 5.72%; and the accommodation and food service increased by 10.02%, contributing 3.34%.

Regarding the economic structure in 2025, the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector accounted for 11.64%; the industry and construction sector made up 37.65%; the service sector represented 42.75%; and the taxes less subsidies on products comprised 7.96% (The corresponding structure in 2024 was 12.03%; 37.52%; 42.35%; 8.10%).

Regarding GDP expenditure in 2025, final consumption increased by 7.95% year-on-year; capital formation increased by 8.68%; exports of goods and services increased by 16.27%; and imports of goods and services increased by 17.12%.

Regarding GDP expenditure in 2025, final consumption increased by 7.95% year-on-year; capital formation increased by 8.68%; exports of goods and services increased by 16.27%; and imports of goods and services increased by 17.12%.

GDP size at current prices in 2025 was estimated to reach 12,847.6 trillion VND, equivalent to 514 billion USD[6], an increase of 38 billion USD compared to 2024 (476 billion USD). GDP per capita in 2025 at current prices was estimated to reach 125.5 million VND /person, equivalent to 5,026 USD, an increase of 326 USD compared to 2024 (4,700 USD).

Labor productivity for the entire economy at current prices in 2025 was estimated at 245.0 million VND per worker (equivalent to 9,809 USD per worker, an increase of 626 USD year-on-year); at constant prices, labor productivity increased by 6.83%; the qualifications of workers improved (the percentage of trained workers with degrees and certificates in 2025 was estimated at 29.2%, 0.8 percentage points higher than that in 2024), economic growth was significant, and the size of the economy expanded.

2. Agriculture, forestry and fishing

a) Agriculture

Agricultural production in 2025 recorded positive results thanks to the proactive prevention, response, and timely support of all-level authorities, agencies, and localities, in the context of facing with impacts of natural disasters, storms, floods, and the widespread outbreak of African swine fever. In 2025, the nationwide rice area was estimated at 7.13 million hectares, a year-on-year decline of 1,100 hectares, the yield was estimated at 61.1 quintals/hectare, showing a year-on-year upturn of 0.1 quintals/hectare; the production was estimated at 43.5 million tons, a growth of 88.6 thousand tons. Cereals production in 2025 was estimated at 47.9 million tons, showing a year-on-year growth of 96.4 thousand tons, of which maize production reached 4.4 million tons, rising by 7.8 thousand tons.

– Winter-spring rice: The nationwide winter-spring rice reached nearly 3.0 million hectares, showing a year-on-year expansion of 15.7 thousand hectares; the yield reached 68.6 quintals/hectare, a year-on-year fall of 0.2 quintals/hectare; the production reached 20.4 million tons, showing an upturn of 32.1 thousand tons.

– Summer-autumn rice: The nationwide planted area of summer-autumn rice reached 1.9 million hectares, a year-on-year slump of 10.8 thousand hectares; the yield was estimated at 57.4 quintals/hectare, a decline of 1.0 quintal/hectare; the production reached 10.9 million tons, showing a downturn of 269.1 thousand tons.

– Autumn-winter rice: The Mekong River Delta and Tay Ninh province sow 716.6 thousand hectares, a year-on-year reduction of 1.3 thousand hectares; the yield was estimated at 58.7 quintals/hectare, a year-on-year rise of 0.3 quintals/hectare; the production was estimated at 4.21 million tons, a growth of 12.5 thousand tons.

– Winter rice: In 2025, the country cultivated 1.5 million hectares of winter rice, showing a year-on-year down trend of 4.6 thousand hectares; the yield was estimated at 52.4 quintals/hectare, a rise of 2.2 quintals/hectare; and the production was estimated at 8.07 million tons, an increase of 314.8 thousand tons.

– Annual crops: The planted area of ​​some crops (maize, sweet potato, peanut, and soybean) witnessed a year-on-year downturn due to low economic efficiency. Farmers scaled down production to focus on cultivating vegetables or switching to fruits or fodder crops, implementing circular economy in agriculture.

– Perennial industrial crops: Perennial crops production in 2025 showed a positive growth, comparing to the previous year, including perennial industrial crops reached 2,195.8 thousand hectares, showing an upturn of 0.5%; fruits reached 1,311.3 thousand hectares, showing a growth of 0.4%.

– Livestock: Buffalo and cattle farming nationwide continued its downward trend, pig farming witnessed an advantage in the first half of the year. However, since the third quarter of 2025, African swine fever occurred and spread causing a sharp decrease in the total pig numbers. However, pig farming in large enterprises and farms witnessed a stable production and expand investment, some localities saw a growth in the total pig numbers, contributing to offsetting a part of the decrease. Poultry farming witnessed a stability.

b) Forestry

The area of newly planted forests nationwide in the fourth quarter of 2025 was estimated at 103.5 thousand hectares, showing a year-on-year fall of 0.7%; the damaged forest area was 129.3 hectares, showing a fall of 28.8%. Generally, in 2025, the area of newly planted forests was estimated at 323.3 thousand hectares, showing a year-on-year growth of 6.4%; the damaged forest reached 1,127.6 hectares, showing a drop of 30.7%.

c) Fishing

Capture fisheries and aquaculture production of the fourth quarter in 2025 was estimated at 2,689.1 thousand tons, showing a year-on-year growth of 2.7%. Generally, in 2025, the capture fisheries and aquaculture production was estimated 9,947.5 thousand tons, showing a year-on-year upward trend of 3.0%, of which, aquaculture production was estimated at 1,826.7 thousand tons, showing an upward trend of 5.1%, capture fisheries production was estimated at 3,830.7 thousand tons, showing a slip of 0.2%.

3. Industrial production

– In Q4 2025, the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) was estimated to increase by 9.9% year-on-year. Specifically, the manufacturing recorded a year-on-year growth of 10.8%. In 2025, the IIP was estimated to increase by 9.2% year-on-year (the corresponding figure in 2024 was 8.2%). Specifically, the manufacturing grew by 10.5% contributing 8.4 percentage points to the overall growth; the electricity generation and distribution increased by 6.7%, contributing 0.6 percentage points; the water supply, sewerage, wastewater management and remediation rose by 7.8%, contributing 0.1 percentage points; the mining and quarrying grew by 0.5%, contributing 0.1 percentage points.

– The index of industrial shipment (IIS) of the manufacturing in December witnessed a month-on-month decrease of 0.4% and a year-on-year increase of 12.2%. In 2025, the IIS of manufacturing recorded a year-on-year increase of 9.9% (the corresponding period in 2024 saw an increase of 11.4%).

– The index of industrial inventory of the manufacturing as of December 31, 2025 experienced a month-on-month increase of 6.2% and a year-on-year rise of 13.1% (the corresponding period in 2024 saw an increase of 10.4%). The average Inventory Turnover Ratio (ITR) for the manufacturing in 2025 was 81.1% (the corresponding figure in 2024 saw an average figure of 77.1%).

– The number of employees in industrial enterprises as of December 1, 2025 saw a month-on-month growth of 0.8% and a year-on-year increase of 2.4%.

4. Business operations

a) Enterprise registration status

– In December, the whole country had nearly 17,2 thousand newly established enterprises, a month-on-month increase of 13.9% and a year-on-year increase of 71.6%; nearly 10 thousand resumed operation enterprises, a month-on-month increase of 3.0% and a year-on-year growth of 12.7%; there were 4,594 enterprises registered to temporarily suspending for a definite time, a month-on-month decrease of 5.5% and a year-on-year increase of 9.7%; 12,608 enterprises ceased and waited for dissolution procedures, a month-on-month increase of 89.1% and a year-on-year decrease of 36.6%; and 5,045 enterprises completed procedures for dissolution, a month-on-month increase of 25.4% and a year-on-year increase of 115.1%.

– In 2025, the whole country had nearly 297.5 thousand newly established and resumed enterprises, a year-on-year increase of 27.4%; on average, there were 24.8 thousand newly established and resume enterprises per month. The number of enterprises withdrew from the market was 227.2 thousand enterprises, a year-on-year increase of 14.8%; on average, 18.9 thousand enterprises withdrew from the market per month. The total registered capital added to the economy in 2025 was nearly 6.4 million trillion VND, a year-on-year increase of 77.8%.

b) Business tendency of the enterprise

The assessment of quarter-on-quarter business performance of enterprises in the fourth quarter of 2025 showed that: 75.8 % of enterprises assessed that their business performance in fourth quarter was better and remained stable compared to the previous quarter (25.4% better and 50.4% remain stable); 24.2% of enterprises assessed business performance as more difficult. Compared to the third quarter of 2025, the proportion of enterprises presented that the business performance was better increased by 1.1%; those assessed it as stable decreased by 0.2%; those assessed it as more difficult decreased by 0.9%.

5. Science and technology, innovation

– Contribution of science and technology activities to GDP: It was estimated that in 2025, the science and technology activities[7] contributed directly approximately 1.68% to GDP, furthermore, science and technology activities had spillover effects on other economic activities with an indirect contribution of about 0.81%. Therefore, the direct and indirect impact of science and technology activities accounts for approximately 2.5% of GDP (equivalent to 320.4 trillion VND), an increase of 16.3% compared to 2024 and an increase of approximately 51% compared to 2020.

– Regarding the Global Innovation Index (GII), according to the GII 2025 Report by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO): Vietnam’s innovation index ranked 44th out of 139 countries and economies, maintaining the same position as in 2024. Within the ASEAN, Viet Nam surpassed Thailand, ranking 3rd, after Singapore and Malaysia.

– Regarding innovation, Viet Nam’s innovative startup ecosystem ranked 55th out of 100 globally. According to the Ministry of Science and Technology’s 2025 summary report, the proportion of enterprises implementing innovation in Viet Nam reached 34.6%, a decrease of 4.2 percentage points compared to 2024.

– Regarding intellectual property, in 2025[8], the Ministry of Science and Technology received 183,700 applications for industrial property rights (IPR), a year-on-year increase of 20.4%; processed 249,854 IPR applications, a year-on-year increase of 74.4%; and granted 83,000 IPR protection certificates, a year-on-year increase of 54.6%.

– Regarding online public services on the National public service portal, as of December 30, 2025, over 94,334 thousand online applications had been processed via the National public service portal; nearly 636,949.8 thousand applications had their status synchronized to the national public service portal.

– Regarding atomic energy and nuclear radiation safety, in 2025, 1,333 licenses for radiation work were issued, a decrease of 9.3% compared to 2024; 38 registration certificates for atomic energy support services were issued, an increase of 65.2%; 1,000 radiation worker certificates and professional practice certificates were issued, a decrease of 2.0%; and 25 decisions approving incident response plans were signed, an increase of 4.2%.

6. Service activities

The gross retail sales of consumer goods and services at current prices in December 2025 were estimated at 627.8 trillion VND, increasing by 3.9% month-on-month, and by 9.8% year-on-year; in the fourth quarter of 2025, the gross retail sales of consumer goods and services at current prices were estimated at 1,833.6 trillion VND, increasing by 4.3% over the previous quarter and by 8.4% over the same period last year. In 2025, the gross retail sales of consumer goods and services at current prices were estimated at 7,008.9 trillion VND, increasing by 9.2% over that in the same period last year (2024 increased by 8.9%) if excluding the price rising factor, the increase was 6.7%, equivalent to the growth rate recorded in 2024.

Passenger carried in the fourth quarter of 2025, was estimated at 1,669.5 million turns of passengers, a year-on-year increase of 21.5% and passenger traffic reached 78.7 billion passenger-kilometer, a rise of 11.5%. For the whole year 2025, passenger carried was estimated at 6,183.6 million turns of passengers, a year-on-year rise of 22.2%, and passenger traffic reached 312.0 billion passenger-kilometer, a year-on-year growth of 13.6%. Freight carried in the fourth quarter of 2025 was estimated at 799.6 million tons, an increase of 10.8% and freight traffic reached 160.2 billion ton-kilometer, an increase of 9.9% year-on-year. For the whole year 2025, freight carried was estimated at 3,027.7 million tons, a year-on-year rise of 14.1% and freight traffic reached 612.3 billion ton-kilometer, a year-on-year increase of 13.1%.

Telecommunications turnover in the fourth quarter of 2025 was estimated at 96.2 trillion VND, going up 6.7% over the same period last year. Overall, in 2025, telecommunications turnover was estimated at 380.0 trillion VND, an increase of 6.0% over the same period last year (if excluding the price factor rising by 5.8%).

International visitors to Viet Nam in December 2025 reached over 2.0 million arrivals, a year-on-year increase of 15.7%. For the year as a whole, international visitors to Viet Nam amounted to nearly 21.2 million in 2025, an increase of 20.4% over that in the same period last year; the number of outbound Vietnamese people totaled 6.7 million, jumping up 26.4% over the same period last year.

7. Banking, insurance, and security market activities

– As of December 22, 2025, the total money supply increased by 14.98% compared to the end of 2024 (the corresponding period last year saw an increase of 9.15%). Capital mobilization by credit institutions rose by 13.68% (the corresponding figure in 2024 was 8.79%), and credit growth of the economy reached 17.65% (the corresponding figure in 2024 was 13.4%).

– Total premium revenue across the insurance market in the Q4 2025 was estimated to increase by 4.5% year-on-year. In 2025, total premium revenue across the insurance market was estimated to reach 237.2 trillion VND, a year-on-year rise of 4.0%.

– As of December 31, 2025, the average trading value in the stock market reached 29,328.2 billion VND per session, a year-on-year increase of 39.1%. The average trading value in the bond market reached 15,300 billion VND per session in 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 26.1%. The average trading value in the derivatives market reached 243,418 contracts per session in 2025, representing a year-on-year increase of 15.2%.

8. Development investment

The total disbursed investment in Quarter 4 of 2025 at current prices was estimated at 1,445.9 trillion VND, a year-on-year increase of 12.8%. In 2025, the total disbursed investment at current prices was estimated to reach 4,150.5 trillion VND, a year-on-year increase of 12.1%.

Total inward foreign investment in Viet Nam as of December 31, 2025,  including: newly registered capital, adjusting registered capital, and capital contribution and purchasing shares by foreign investors, reached 38.42 billion USD, a year-on-year upturn of 0.5%. The FDI in Viet Nam in 2025 was estimated at 27.62 billion USD, a year-on-year upturn of 9.0%.

Viet Nam’s outward investment in 2025 witnessed 173 projects granted with new investment certificates with a total capital of 1.0 billion USD, a year-on-year increase of 65.9%; 32 turns of projects adjusted their capital with an addition of 360.8 million USD, more than three times higher over the previous year. Generally, total Viet Nam’s outward FDI (newly licensed and adjusted capital) reached 1,362 million USD, an increase of 88.7% compared to that in the previous year.

9. State budget revenue and expenditure

Total state budget revenue in December 2025 was estimated at 244.2 trillion VND. The total state budget revenue accumulated in 2025 was estimated at 2,650.1 trillion VND, reaching 134.7% of the annual estimate and going up by 29.7% over the same period last year.

Total state budget expenditure in December 2025 was estimated at 350.1 trillion VND. The accrued expenditure in 2025 was 2,401.5 trillion VND, reaching 93.2% of the annual estimate and an increase of 31.2% over the same period last year.

10. Export and import of goods and services^[9]

a) Export and import of good [10]

– Export of goods: Export turnover of goods in December 2025 amounted to 44.03 billion USD, increasing by 12.6% over the previous month and by 23.8% over the same period last year. In the fourth quarter of 2025, export turnover reached 126.3 billion USD, increasing by 20.0% over the same period last year and decreasing by 1.7% compared with the third quarter of 2025. For 2025 as a whole, the export turnover of goods reached 475.04 billion USD, a year-on-year rise of 17.0%. Of which, the domestic economic sector reached 107.95 billion USD, decreasing by 6.1% and accounting for 22.7% of total export turnover; the FDI sector (including crude oil) attained 367.09 billion USD, an upturn of 26.1% and accounting for 77.3%.

+ Regarding the structure of exported goods in 2025, the group of manufactured products reached 421.47 billion USD, accounting for 88.7%.

– Import of goods: The import turnover of goods in December 2025 reached 44.69 billion USD, a rise of 17.6% over the previous month and increased by 27.7% over the same period last year. In the fourth quarter of 2025, the import turnover reached 123.1 billion USD, a year-on-year increase of 21.3% and a quarter-on-quarter rise of 2.9%. For the year as a whole in 2025, the import turnover of goods reached 455.01 billion USD, a year-on-year surge of 19.4%. Of which, the domestic economic sector reached 137.38 billion USD, a downturn of 2.0%, and the FDI sector reached 317.63 billion USD, an expansion of 31.9%.

+ Regarding the structure of imported goods in 2025, the group of capital goods reached 426.11 billion USD, accounting for 93.6%.

– Regarding export and import markets of goods in 2025, the United States was Viet Nam’s largest export market with a turnover of 153.2 billion USD; China remained Viet Nam’s largest import market with a turnover of 186.0 billion USD.

– According to preliminary data, the trade balance of goods in December recorded a deficit of 0.66 billion USD. For the year as a whole in 2025, the trade balance of goods posted a surplus of 20.03 billion USD (a surplus of 24.94 billion USD in the same period last year). Of which, the domestic economic sector ran a trade deficit of 29.43 billion USD, while the FDI sector (including crude oil) recorded a trade surplus of 49.46 billion USD.

1. b) Export and import of services

In the fourth quarter of 2025, the export turnover of services was estimated at 8.26 billion USD, a year-on-year increase of 17.3% and an upturn of 9.0% over the previous quarter; the import turnover of services was estimated at 10.55 billion USD, a growth of 10.8% over the same period last year and a downturn of 1.1% compared to that in the previous quarter.

For the year as a whole in 2025, the export turnover of services was estimated at 30.31 billion USD, a year-on-year expansion of 18.9%, of which tourism services reached 15.22 billion USD (accounting for 50.2% of the total turnover), surging up 24.4%, and transport services reached 8.8 billion USD (accounting for 29.0%), shooting up 23.6%.

The import turnover of services in 2025 was estimated at 40.54 billion USD (including 14.43 billion USD for transportation and insurance service fees of imported goods), a year-on-year surge of 14.0%, of which transport services reached 17.1 billion USD (accounting for 42.1% of the total turnover), going up 19.9%, and tourism services reached 14.7 billion USD (accounting for 36.4%), accelerating by 15.6%.

The trade deficit of services in 2025 was 10.23 billion USD.

11. Consumer price index, Gold and US dollar index

a) Consumer price index, Gold and US dollar index

– The Consumer Price Index (CPI) in December witnessed a month-on-month increase of 0.19%. The CPI in December experienced a year-on-year soar of 3.48%. The average CPI in the fourth quarter of 2025 climbed up 3.44% compared to that in the fourth quarter of 2024. The CPI in the whole year 2025 saw a year-on-year expansion of 3.31%, meeting the target set by the National Assembly.

– The CPI of gold in December recorded a month-on-month soar of 2.18%; a year-on-year surge of 70.37%; and the average CPI of gold in 2025 rocketed by 47.67%

– The US dollar price index in December edged up 0.17% compared to that in the previous month and a year-on-year increase of 3.68%, the average US dollar price index in 2025 saw an increase of 3.92%.

b) Producer Price Index

The producer price index; input price index for production; merchandise export and import price index in the fourth quarter and 2025 also increased compared to that in the same period in 2024. In 2025, the producer price index of agriculture, forestry and fishing saw a year-on-year soar of 4.01%. The producer price index of the industry witnessed a year-on-year increase of 2.55%. The producer price index of the service possessed a year-on-year surge of 5.09%. The input price index for production experienced a year-on-year jump of 4.36%. The merchandise export price index gained a year-on-year climb of 3.62%. The merchandise import price index in 2025 recorded a year-on-year upturn of 1.10%.

12. Some social situations

a) Population, labour, and employment

The average population in 2025 was estimated at 102.3 million persons, an increase of 1,001.6 thousand persons, equivalent to a growth of 0.99% compared to that in 2024. Population quality continued to be improved, the fertility rate remained at replacement level, mortality rate was low, and average life expectancy increased thanks to advancements in medicine and improved public health care.

The labour and employment situation in the fourth quarter of 2025 showed many positive signs: the labour force, the number of employed persons, and average monthly income of labourers all increased compared to the previous quarter and the same period last year.

The labour force aged 15 and over nationwide in the fourth quarter of 2025 was estimated at 53.8 million persons, a quarter-on-quarter increase of 488.7 thousand persons and a year-on-year rise of 690.0 thousand persons. Overall, in 2025, the labour force aged 15 and over was 53.5 million persons, a year-on-year increase of 589.5 thousand persons

The number of employed persons in the fourth quarter of 2025 was 52.7 million persons, a quarter-on-quarter increase of 477.5 thousand persons and a year-on-year growth of 656.2 thousand persons. Overall, in 2025, the number of employed persons was 52.4 million persons, a year-on-year increase of 578.3 thousand persons (equivalent to a rise of 1.1%).

The underemployment rate of labour force at working age in the fourth quarter of 2025 was 1.67%, a quarter-on- quarter growth of 0.17 percentage points and a year-on-year rise of 0.02 percentage points. Overall, in 2025, the underemployment rate at working-age was 1.65%, a year-on-year decline of 0.20 percentage points; of which the underemployment rate in the urban area was 1.25%, and the rate in the rural area was 1.93%.

Average income of employees in the fourth quarter of 2025 was 8.7 million VND/month, an increase of 323 thousand VND compared to the third quarter of 2025 and a rise of 508 thousand VND compared to the same period in 2024. Overall, in 2025, the average income of employees was 8.4 million VND/month, an increase of 8.9%, equivalent to a growth of 685 thousand VND compared to the previous year.

The unemployment rate at working age in the fourth quarter of 2025 was 2.22%, increased by 0.01 percentage points compared to the previous quarter and remained unchanged compared to the same period last year. The unemployment rate at working age in 2025 was 2.22%, a year-on-year decrease of 0.02 percentage points, of which, it was 2.51% in the urban area and 2.02% in the rural area.

b) People’s living conditions and social security

In 2025, the income and living conditions of households were improved. Much attention to social security work continued was paid and implemented by all levels and sectors, from the central to local authorities. According to preliminary results of the 2025 Household Living Standards Survey, the average per capita income at current prices 2025 reached approximately 5.9 million VND per person per month, an increase of 9.3% compared to 2024. The multidimensional poverty rate in 2025 was about 1.3%, a decrease of 1.0 percentage point compared to 2024.

Much attention to social security work continued to be paid an implemented timely and practically by all levels and sectors, from the central to local authorities. According to reports from localities, in 2025 (from December 26, 2024 to December 25, 2025), the total support for national devotees and martyrs’ relatives was nearly 50.3 trillion VND; support for social protection beneficiaries under the Decree No. 20/2021/ND-CP dated March 15, 2021 was over 34.2 trillion VND; support for poor households, near-poor households, households with difficult circumstances, and social policy households not covered by the Decree No. 20/2021/ND-CP was nearly 4.7 trillion VND; sudden and unusual support in localities was over 3.2 trillion VND. Nearly 29.3 million health insurance cards/books/free medical examination and treatment cards were distributed and given to beneficiaries.

As of December 29, 2025, to mitigate the consequences of natural disasters caused by storms and floods, the Government provided approximately 3.9 thousand tons of rice to the people. In 2025, the Government supported people with nearly 42.1 thousand tons of rice, of which: 6.0 thousand tons of rice for hunger relief during the Lunar New Year for 402.6 thousand persons; 4.3 thousand tons of rice for hunger relief during the pre-harvest season for 284.5 thousand persons; and over 31.8 thousand tons of rice to overcome the consequences of natural disasters and floods for approximately over 2.1 million persons.

According to data reported by the Ministry of Ethnic Minorities and Religions, the program “Joining hands to eliminate temporary and dilapidated houses nationwide” basically completed its goals by the end of August, finishing 5 years and 4 months ahead of the target set in the Resolution No. 42-NQ/TW dated November 24, 2023, of the Central Committee on continuing to innovate and improve the quality of social policies to meet the requirements of national construction and defense in the new period. The program supported the construction and repair of 334,234 houses (including 255,310 new houses and 78,924 repairs).

c) Epidemic, food poisoning

According to the Ministry of Health’s report, in 2025, the country had 181.2 thousand cases of dengue fever (36 deaths); 96.1 thousand cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (02 deaths); 374 cases of viral encephalitis (01 death); 117.6 thousand cases of rash fever suspected of measles (11 deaths); 104 cases of meningococcal meningitis (01 death); 73 deaths of rabies.

Overall, in 2025 (from December 19, 2024 to December 18, 2025), there were 70 cases, with 1,558 persons poisoned (17 deaths) Nationwide.

d) Education and training

In 2025, the high school graduation exam marked the first year of implementation under the “2+2” model, conducted concurrently under 02 sets of regulations and 02 general education curricula – the 2006 and 2018 – with the notable new feature being the release of the score distribution before candidates received their individual results. The country had over 1.1 million candidates registered to take the exam, recording an increase of nearly 100 thousand candidates compared to that in 2024. The national high school graduation rate in 2025 was 99.25% (compared to 99.40% in 2024).

For the 2025-2026 school year, approximately 26 million pupils and students and 1.6 million teachers nationwide participated in the opening ceremony of the new school year, which was held in person at the National Convention Center (Hanoi), and connecting online to approximately 52,000 educational institutions across the country. For the first time, the flag-raising ceremony and the National anthem singing took place simultaneously during the opening ceremony, creating a historic milestone, evoking pride, and fostering enthusiasm for a new school year.

đ) Culture and sports

The year 2025 was a particularly significant year, marked by numerous national-level commemorative activities, festivals, and major events, notably the series of activities celebrating the 50th anniversary of national reunification, the 80th anniversary of the August Revolution and the National Day on 2 September, as well as the exhibition “80 years – The Journey of Independence, Freedom, and Happiness”. Notably, Viet Nam had four heritage elements, documentary collections, and cultural forms inscribed by UNESCO for the first time, affirming the country’s cultural and historical values on the international stage.

In 2025, Vietnamese sports won a total of 2,253 international medals, including 80 world gold medals, 161 Asian gold medals, and 616 gold medals at the Southeast Asian level, reflecting the fairly comprehensive development of high-performance sports. These achievements simultaneously underscored the need for continued in-depth investment and improved training quality, particularly in Olympic and ASIAD sports.

e) Traffic accident

In 2025, there were 18,371 cases of traffic accident nationwide, resulting in 10,337 deaths and 12,197 injuries. Compared to the figures of the same period last year, the number of traffic accidents cases, deaths, and injuries decreased by 22.5%, 7.5%, and 29.6%, respectively. On average, in 2025, there were 50 traffic accidents, causing 28 deaths and 33 injuries a day.

g) Damage caused by natural disaster

In 2025, natural disasters resulted in 489 deaths and missing persons; 800 injuries; 386.6 thousand hectares of rice and 174 thousand hectares of other crops damaged; 7.5 million livestock and poultry killed; and 340.2 thousand houses collapsed, swept away, or damaged. The total value of property damage caused by natural disasters in 2025 was estimated at nearly 102,665.3 billion VND, recording a year-on-year increase of 15.0%.

h) Environmental protection and fire and explosion prevention

In 2025, the functional authorities detected 16,280 cases of environmental violations, of which, 14,302 cases were addressed with a total fine of nearly 240.8 billion VND, recording a year-on-year reduction of 23.7%; there were 3,182 cases of fire and explosion nationwide, causing 108 deaths and 135 injuries, with an estimated loss of nearly 548.5 billion VND, recording a year-on-year increase of 13.1%./.

[1] The year-on-year GDP growth rates in the fourth quarter of the years in the period 2011-2025 were 7.05%; 5.99%; 6.38%; 7.29%; 7.38%; 7.49%; 8.18%; 7.78%; 7.52%; 4.69%; 5.23%; 6.26%; 6.76%; 7.51%; and 8.46%, respectively.

^[2] The year-on-year GDP growth rates for the years in the period 2011-2025 were 6.41%; 5.50%; 5.55%; 6.42%; 6.99%; 6.69%; 6.94%; 7.47%; 7.36%; 2.87%; 2.55%; 8.54%; 4.98%; 7.04% and 8.02%, respectively.

[3] The year-on-year growth rate of value added in the industry for the years in the period 2019-2025 were 8.14%; 3.77%; 4.06%; 8.52%; 2.88%; 8.12% and 8.80%, respectively.

[4] The year-on-year growth rate of value added in the manufacturing for the years in the period 2019-2025 were 9.59%; 4.99%; 5.37%; 8.99%; 3.54%; 9.59% and 9.97%, respectively.

[5] The year-on-year growth rate of value added in the service sector for the years in the period 2011-2025 were 7.65%; 7.03%; 6.82%; 7.31%; 7.05%; 7.46%; 7.12%, 7.46%; 8.08%; 2.01%; 1.75%; 10.66%; 6.81%; 7.36% and 8.62%, respectively.

[6] Average central exchange rate of VND/USD in 2025 was 24,976.91 VND.

[7]Includes: Architectural activities, technical inspection and analysis; Scientific research and technological development; Advertising and market research; other professional, scientific and technological activities.

[8]Data updated as of 5:00 pm on December 25, 2025.

[9] The value of export turnover was calculated at F.O.B price and import turnover was calculated at C.I.F price (including transportation and insurance costs of imported goods).

[10] The preliminary data of export and import of goods in December 2025 were provided by the Viet Nam Customs on January 3^rd 2026.